Abstract: Globalization is a new form of modernization succeeding the epoch of conolization and industrialization. Being the reflection of objective social processes, this phenomenon is fundamentally revolutionary and violent. It is not only that the USA tries to subdue gigantic transformations to the interests of the ‘golden milliard’. There is no doubts that globalization, being mostly IT phenomenon, is opposite to culture deep inside.

Keywords: philosophy, culture, globalization, civilization, history, society, European world, social status, problem, economics, identity.

Abstract: Analyzing Augustine’s conception of the relation between time and being as part of Heidegger’s readings allows to define features of Augistine’s theological conception. Augustine views time as a forced attention towards an item being considered and being is related not to the essence but to the opportunity to be and not to be. The author also makes an attempt to interpret the terms associated with time and being such as existential, the other, retention, protention, attention.

Keywords: philosophy, time, quantity, retention, protention, attention, being, name, intention, meaning.

Abstract: The author views historical forms of cognitive modeling of the world: ontology, gnoseology, epistemology, knowledge engineering. In cognitivism the semantic cogitation (Logos) is replaced with the formal one (Mathesis). Cognitivism is based on the philosophy of Kant and Husserl — transcendentalism. Their inconsistency is replaced in post-modernism (Deleuze) with identical relation and contradiction between difference and repetition. This means that ‘our’ objective world is being replaced with constructive and cognitive, i.e. post-human.

Keywords: philosophy, gnoseology, epistemology, knowledge engineering, transcendentalism, postmodernism, identical relation, difference, nigitology, Mathesis universalis.

Abstract: On the basis of the contextual and semantic analysis of Ancient Greek words: eros, philia, agape (based on mythology, philosophy and Scripture the author makes the following conclusion: if we take into account that language practices were different at different epochs (classical Ancient World, late Hellenistic Greece, early Christianity) and in the first place those differences were related to knowledge, then a frequent supposition that there are different words denoting love in the Greek language is some kind of a semantic myth. There was no such a Greek language which would actually differentiate these terms. Copresence of these words, although they seem to be so much differentiated in their meaning, does not go beyond the frames of general dictionaries.

Keywords: philosophy, cultural studies, love, eros, phili, agape, Adar, semantics.

Abstract: The article provides an analysis of socio-cultural reality which represents the space with its own dimension, metrics and time. The structure of this new reality is defined by the type of society as a social subject. Social time is connected with the consciousness of society which has a history and is a history carrier itself. Previous social experience, knowledge of Russian cultural traditions plays an important role in socio-cultural formation of young people and personal up-bringing.

Keywords: philosophy, society, socio-culture, experience, subject, activity, human, mobility, development, world perception.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the dialectics of formation of civil society. Formation of civil society is performed into the two following directions: up (from the bottom) and down (from the top). Civil society is internally contradictory. State institution, political parties, social organizations and citizens’ positions play an important role in overcoming these contradictions.

Keywords: philosophy, civil society, national idea, state institution, centralizing and decentralizing beginnings in a modern society, citizenship contradictions, modern society, structure, citizenship, democracy.

Abstract: The article reveals peculiarities of democratic political culture and makes an attempt to give a definition of this term. The author describes different concepts viewing democratic political culture as a factor of systematization of political life and democratization of political influence and, finally, as a factor of political process. The author also describes the role of political culture in socialization.

Keywords: philosophy, politics, political culture, democratic political culture, democratic culture, individual culture, political system, political influence, political progress, socialization.

Abstract: The article analyzes a number of S. S. Averintsev’s works viewing the problem of cultural evolution as a series of concepts about authority in literature and an author as a cultural subject. Special attention is paid at the interdisciplinary nature of hermeneutic methods introduced by Averintsev and based on methodology of language studies, philosophy and cultural studies. It is proved that formation of the ‘author’ concept has become one of the most important moments of formation of new European ideal of creativity, personality and intelligence.

Keywords: cultural studies, author, authority, subject, character, culture, interdisciplinary, personality, individual, language arts.

Abstract: The author describes the two main approaches in myth research: poetic (interpretative) and socio-psychological. As a part of the first approach, the author describes the three concepts originating in the Ancient World and still being used with some alternations nowadays. All of them have the same drawback: they are principally interpretive which is unacceptable when related to a myth. The advantage of the second approach is that there is an attempt to interpret myth not on the basis of research logics but to define relations and objective laws typical for mythological world perception. These laws and relations may seem awkward to a modern European but this approach tries to understand what role it could have played in the primitive society as well as what psychological and social functions the myth had.

Keywords: cultural studies, myth, mythopoetics, specific nature, world perception, research, interpretation, logic, symbol, archetype.

Abstract: The present article views the problem of construction of human by the socio-cultural environment from the point of view of factors determining subjective perception and understanding of such phenomena as health and sickness. Good will and non-violent nature of such construction is in many ways supported by mass media, the latter being an efficient tool in formation of a mass human — passive object of socio-cultural metamorphoses. Health is shown as a social institution that determines universal norms and pathologies at all levels of life supporting activity of human (bodily, psychic and social). The research of life style in mass media as some kind of ‘anthropological measure’ allows to outline certain coordinates for a modern human to construct his body and psyche.

Keywords: philosophy, medicalization, health, biomedicine, human, technologies, artificial environment, nature, body, psyche.

Abstract: The article provides a unique opportunity to solve the issue of creating artificial intellect not in technological and non-technological spheres but from the point of view of transformations of natural forms of the intellect, in particular, collective thinking. The author postulates principal restrictions of creative opportunities of human in the sphere f creating new objects and describes experience of creating artificial intellect in the sphere of administration.

Keywords: philosophy, methodology, consciousness, artificial, intellect, transformation, administrative, technology, machine, intellect.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of creating anthropology of the Other in Emmanuel Levinas’ works as a variant of development of general ontological range of problems about the relation between terms ‘similar’ and ‘the other’. Solutions and approaches suggested by a French philosopher have made a great influence of formation of post-structural paradigm in modern philosophy, in particular, philosophy of difference. Failure of classical metaphysics of the subject determined a search for new ways describing human and his relations with the othe world. Levinas gave a definition of human from the point of view of responsibility for the other and supposed outcome beyond the limits of being in ethics. It has become an important step in development of ontological and ethical problems of modern philosophy.

Keywords: philosophy, Levinas, similar, the other, ethics, differences, the Other, otherness, Self, identity.

Abstract: Turgot has ended the social and economic program of bourgeois innovations developing under conditions overripen feudalism of bourgeois concepts. Innovators acted within the framework of French Enlightenment. They prepared ideological revolution back in 1789. Turgot raised the economic theory up to the highest level, anticipating Adam Smith in some teachings — for instance, in his approach to origins of labor theory of price, relationship and turnover of national capitals in agriculture, trade, and et. As the minister of finances, Turgot implemented market measures of freedom of entrepreneurship activity overcoming opposition of the old philosophy adepts. His polemics with Louis the King about the administrative reform outlined distribution of forces during pre-revolutionary period. However, after Turgot lost his position, reactionists tried to eliminate all his work and reform. But then revolutionists of the 1789 adopted Turgot’s ideas and put them into life. Marx described Turgot as a great person both as an administrative figure and founder of social and economic theory. Even in modern Russia Turgot achievements help us to understand complicated processes of market economics.

Keywords: philosophy, Louis the 16th, capital, farmer, merchant, gobmeen man, banker, Luther, Dante, labor.

Abstract: Report about the Moscow meeting with a great philosopher, American professor and author of a number of works on philosophy Daniel Dennett.

Keywords: philosophy, Daniel Dennett, meeting, discussion, mass media.