Socio-cultural practices of human potential development in China

Dugarova Svetlana Bazarzhapovna PhD in Philosophy Senior Lecturer, Department of Oriental Languages, St. Petersburg State University of Economics 197022, Russia, Saint Petersburg, Kamennoostrovsky Prospekt str., 27B, sq. 165 sveta.sod@gmail.com

The development of human potential in China is becoming a priority. It is associated with the main goal – to achieve the level of "average prosperity", and logically fits into the cultural and value paradigm of the "Chinese dream". Acting as a key component of the "scientific concept of development" in the form of the "man at the core" value attitude, human potential is becoming one of the leading factors in the socio-cultural modernization of the PRC ^[1].

The basic principles and criteria of human potential development in the People's Republic of China have been embodied in the state strategy of building a "power of human potential". The key anthropologems of traditional Chinese culture and value innovations of modern culture of the People's Republic of China act as the value-ideological basis of this course. Within the framework of building a socialist spiritual civilization, a new type of "cultural regulation" is being formed in China, which uses values as imperatives of development.

The heterogeneous heterogeneous nature of the socio-cultural space of the PRC makes it necessary to know specific regional practices for building human potential. The Chinese state is forming an effective system for the development and attraction of human potential within the country and in interaction with the outside world. Regionality acts as a cultural and spatial characteristic of activity, which in turn has a concrete expression - in practices. The philosophical and anthropological analysis of practices involves an appeal to a regionological approach that contributes to the identification of specifics at the level of regions – "internal" and "external" ^[2]. 

At the national level, the process of building human potential, which is an element of "soft power", occurs at all levels of the multilevel hierarchy of regional development management, starting from the level of large regions, ending with local-regional communities at the level of cities, towns, villages and individual enterprises.

The human potential is unevenly distributed throughout the country. Most of the human potential is concentrated in the coastal provinces and cities of China, which is largely due to historical processes, as well as the formation of investment zones. A significant amount of human potential is concentrated in the provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, as well as Fujian, Guangdong and the cities of central subordination – Shanghai, Beijing and Tianjin. In less economically developed western regions of China, such as Tibet, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, the concentration of human potential is less ^[3].

Transnational socio-cultural practices of human potential development, integrating with the system of China's "soft power" practices as a communicative tool of cultural strategy, include: comprehensive programs to attract foreign specialists, prevent leakage and return of human potential, work with the foreign diaspora, international cultural and educational projects aimed at improving the quality and international competitiveness of human potential China ^[4].

A significant area of work in the implementation of the strategy of building the human potential of the People's Republic of China is to attract highly qualified specialists to the country through the implementation of state programs and cultural and educational practices.

There are two ways to attract specialists to China. The first way is programs, grants, construction of technology parks for specialists, scientists and graduates of foreign universities from among the Chinese. The most popular projects are: "Training talents for the XXI Century" (1993), the Spring Light program (1996), the Yangtze Program (1998), grants from the National Fund of Natural Sciences of China (2005), the plan "Thousands of People" (2008), the Zhongguancun Technopark.

The second is the holding of various forums, conferences and job fairs in China and in different countries, which are organized by both state and commercial companies in China (conferences on science and technology, job fairs in Guangdong Province, a job fair in Washington, etc.) ^[5].

At the moment, one of the important practices of building human potential is the policy towards foreign Chinese. The common language, culture, and traditions, economic cooperation make the Chinese diaspora inclined to cooperate with its ethnic homeland. The policy of the PRC leadership is aimed at using this unique reserve in the development of the strategy of the "power of human potential". An important importance in the work on attracting highly qualified foreign Chinese is attached to the development of the so-called professional "transnational" networks of foreign Chinese, whose members have branches in China and abroad, and have the opportunity to freely move between them.

One of the main directions in working with the Chinese diaspora is to attract investments and new technologies. Various channels of communication with potential investors have been established in the country, import and export of technologies and finished products are practiced, and various forms of investment are encouraged.

China is actively promoting cooperation in the field of education. Thus, an agreement on mutual recognition of diplomas was signed with 64 countries, including Russia; the organization of exhibitions of Chinese and foreign universities is practiced; intergovernmental, interregional projects in the field of high technologies and scientific research (Science and technology Forums) are implemented; many language programs and internships are conducted.

Thus, at present, regional national and transnational socio-cultural practices for attracting and building human potential have taken on a formalized character and have become an important part of the strategy of the "power of human potential" of the PRC. China's human development practices are the most important tool for harmonizing the internal national space and building a harmonious world.

The socio-cultural conditions of the formation of human potential cause a change in its structural characteristics, putting forward the cultural and value component as imperative. The concept of the "power of human potential" of the People's Republic of China is formed based on the values of the traditional culture of China, operating with stable anthropologemes: "man is at the core", "people are the basis", "all-round harmonious person".

In accordance with the established cultural pattern of unity of internal and external in China, regional national and transnational socio-cultural practices of implementing the strategy of building a "human potential power" of the PRC complement each other as a whole and include comprehensive programs of the Chinese state to implement a multi-level system of "talent education", attracting foreign specialists ("mind hunting"), preventing leakage and return of human potential; work with the foreign diaspora; creation of transnational professional networks; international cultural and educational projects.